It's true that almost everything is currently based on the advertising model but I think it just holds back competition and progress.
This is just an incredibly vague platitude though. Without advertising they’d innovate ways to generate cash? From where? From who?
Competition and progress, that’s who!
Okay first off, I did not say the "I" word. I don't know what I did to receive that accusation, but I'm sorry.
My argument against advertising is just that the math doesn't make sense for consumers. If Google or Facebook or whoever make a $1 per click, then that's because you ended up clicking the ad and buying something that was much more than a $1. So that just seems wasteful from an economic perspective.
As far as alternatives, there are subscription models such as Spotify, where users in the paid tier don't have any ads or limitations. Another thing Spotify used to do is they had a peer-to-peer infrastructure which lowered their hosting burden. One option is to make that an opt-in type of thing to reduce your subscription cost but bandwidth wasn't the main cost Spotify had anyways.
One example I can think of is for Yelp. Currently, businesses pay to get higher on the page in the sponsored results section. An alternative is to pay for analysis and feedback on the important factors affecting their reviews (EG: a spedific waiter sucks or they did bait & switch on the price) so the business can figure out how to reduce their negatives. Yelp is the one that tracks how you flip through search results, which reviews you stop and spend more time reading, and ultimately which business you end up choosing based on pressing the button to get directions to the business. Obviously, that's more complicated than throwing an ad on the screen but at least it doesn't leave you vulnerable to a user figuring out how ublock is spelled.