I read some analysis on the virus in India which sounded pretty familiar: they had a 2 month lockdown but didn't use the time to get a system set in place for sufficient testing, test & trace, centralized quarantine, etc.
On top of that you have to imagine a poor, densely populated country has all sorts of hurdles in terms of how people live and work, besides a general lack of resources. No way they could shift as much of their economy to WFH as the US did, for example.